“目断令人老”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《蓦山溪》是一首宋代的诗词，作者是陈瓘。以下是对这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

《蓦山溪》

扁舟东去，极目沧波渺。
千古送残红，到如今、东流未了。
午潮方去，江月照还生，千帆起，玉绳低，枕上莺声晓。
锦囊佳句，韵压池塘草。
声遏去年云，恼离怀、余音缭绕。
倚楼看镜，此意与谁论，一重水，一重山，目断令人老。

中文译文：
突然，小船向东驶去，眼望着一片苍茫的波涛。
千年来送走了残留的红叶，到了现在，东流仍未停止。
午潮悄然退去，江面上的月光依然明亮，千帆起航，玉绳垂低，枕边的黎明鸟鸣。
精美的诗句藏在锦囊中，韵律超过了池塘边的花草。
声音阻止不了去年的云彩，扰乱了离别的思绪，回荡着余音。
倚在楼上看着镜子，这种感慨和谁来讨论，一重水，一重山，让人目睹衰老。

诗意和赏析：
这首诗以描写大自然景色为主线，展示了时间流逝和人事变迁的主题。诗人以舟行江上的景象为背景，表达了他对时间的感慨和对人生的思考。

诗的开篇，诗人乘坐小船向东行驶，眺望着无垠的波涛，形容江河的宽广和浩渺。接着，他提到千年来送走了残留的红叶，暗示着岁月的推移和变迁的不可逆转。然而，东流的江水仍在继续，暗示着时间的无尽。

午潮悄然退去，江面上的月光照亮了水面，千帆起航，玉绳低垂，枕边的黎明鸟鸣，描绘了清晨的宁静和生机勃勃的景象。这些景物反映了生活的起伏和永恒的循环。

诗的后半部分，诗人提到了锦囊中珍藏的佳句，这些句子的韵律超过了池塘边的花草，显示了他对诗歌艺术的推崇。同时，他也表达了对过去时光的留恋和对离别的痛感，余音缭绕，回荡在心头。

最后两句诗以倚楼看镜的方式，表达了诗人对自身境遇和人生意义的思考。一重水，一重山，形容了镜中映照出的景象，而这景象让人感受到时光流转和衰老的无情。这句诗通过对镜中自己的映照，引发了对时间流逝和生命的深刻思考。

整首诗以自然景色为背景，通过描绘江河、蓦山溪 is a poem from the Song dynasty, written by Chen Guan. Here is the Chinese translation of the poem, followed by an analysis of its meaning and appreciation:

《蓦山溪》

扁舟东去，极目沧波渺。
千古送残红，到如今、东流未了。
午潮方去，江月照还生，千帆起，玉绳低，枕上莺声晓。
锦囊佳句，韵压池塘草。
声遏去年云，恼离怀、余音缭绕。
倚楼看镜，此意与谁论，一重水，一重山，目断令人老。

Translation:
The little boat departs to the east, gazing into the vast and distant waves.
Through the ages, it has sent off the remnants of red, until now, the eastward flow is endless.
The midday tide recedes, the river moon still shines, thousands of sails rise, the jade rope hangs low, and the dawn birds' song reaches my pillow.
Beautiful verses hidden in the silk pouch, their rhythm surpasses the grass by the pond.
Sounds cannot hold back the clouds of the past year, disturbing the thoughts of parting, their echoes lingering.
Leaning against the tower, looking into the mirror, who can discuss this sentiment? One layer of water, one layer of mountains, the sight makes one feel old.

Meaning and Appreciation:
The poem "蓦山溪" depicts the passage of time and the changes in human life through the portrayal of natural scenery. The poet uses the imagery of a boat journey on a river as the backdrop to express his contemplation on time and life.

The poem begins with the poet boarding a small boat and sailing eastward, gazing into the vast waves that symbolize the breadth and vastness of the river. He mentions the remnants of red leaves being sent off over the millennia, implying the passage of time and irreversible change. Yet, the eastward flow of the river continues, suggesting the endlessness of time.

The receding midday tide and the moonlight on the river surface illuminate the scene, with thousands of sails rising and the jade rope hanging low, accompanied by the birds' dawn song near his pillow. These images depict the tranquility and vitality of the early morning, reflecting the ups and downs of life and the eternal cycle.

In the latter part of the poem, the poet mentions the beautiful verses hidden in a silk pouch, surpassing the grass by the pond in their rhythm. This indicates his admiration for the art of poetry. At the same time, he expresses nostalgia for past times and the pain of parting, with echoes lingering and disturbing his thoughts.

In the final two lines, the poet contemplates his own situation and the meaning of life by leaning against the tower and looking into the mirror. The imagery of one layer of water and one layer of mountains reflects the reflection in the mirror, which evokes the passage of time and the mercilessness of aging. Through the reflection in the mirror, the poet triggers profound contemplation on the passage of time and life.

The poem, set against the backdrop of natural scenery, portrays the river, tides, moon, and birdsong to evoke a sense of transience and the eternal cycle of life. It expresses the poet's reflection on time, the beauty of poetry, and the inevitable aging process.

mò shān xī
蓦山溪

piān zhōu dōng qù, jí mù cāng bō miǎo.
扁舟东去，极目沧波渺。
qiān gǔ sòng cán hóng, dào rú jīn dōng liú wèi liǎo.
千古送残红，到如今、东流未了。
wǔ cháo fāng qù, jiāng yuè zhào hái shēng, qiān fān qǐ, yù shéng dī, zhěn shàng yīng shēng xiǎo.
午潮方去，江月照还生，千帆起，玉绳低，枕上莺声晓。
jǐn náng jiā jù, yùn yā chí táng cǎo.
锦囊佳句，韵压池塘草。
shēng è qù nián yún, nǎo lí huái yú yīn liáo rào.
声遏去年云，恼离怀、余音缭绕。
yǐ lóu kàn jìng, cǐ yì yǔ shuí lùn, yī zhòng shuǐ, yī chóng shān, mù duàn lìng rén lǎo.
倚楼看镜，此意与谁论，一重水，一重山，目断令人老。